It's pretty simple.
Object 1 is owner of Object 2.
Object 2 can create Object 3 and is an owner or it.
Object 1 is also an owner of Object 3.
To establish the relationship between Object 1 and Object 3 I have a rule on Object three:
Object3.Object1.ID = LoggedInObject2.Object1.ID.
I can verify that LoggedInObject2.Object1.ID is a known value but it doesn't get saved to the Object3 record.